2022年9月北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试真题
Part I
Reading Comprehension
Passage 1
The coconut(椰子) is a plant mainly grown in tropical(热带的) coastal areas and harvested by small-scale farmers. The production of coconuts is concentrated on island and coastal areas, such as Fiji and Samoa, as well as in the humid tropics, such as India and Thailand.
椰子是一种主要生长在热带沿海地区的植物，由小规模农户进行种植和收获。椰子的生产集中在诸如斐济和萨摩亚等岛屿和沿海地区，以及印度和泰国等湿润的热带地区。
(76) The coconut is a very useful plant with a wide range of products being made from it. The products are used to make everything from clothing to animal feeds and to beauty creams. Its core is harvested for its flesh and delicious water while its covering outside is used for its strong fibers. Most important, however, are its oils, which are processed and marketed for many purpose.
椰子是一种非常有用的植物，可以制成各种各样的产品。这些产品被用来制造从衣物到动物饲料，再到美容霜等一切物品。它的内部被收获以获取果肉和美味的水，而外部的覆盖物则因其强韧的纤维而被利用。然而，最重要的是其油脂，经过加工并针对多种用途进行销售。
Typically, the flesh is first dried down to 6% moisture, then the product is transported to factories across the world where it is processed into oil. Less widely used, but more valuable, the best coconut oil is directly squeezed from raw coconuts.
通常情况下，椰子肉会首先被干燥至含水量6%，然后将产品运往世界各地的工厂，在那里加工成油。另一种用途相对较窄但价值更高的方法是直接从新鲜椰子中榨取最好的椰子油。
Today, the top coconut suppliers are struggling to meet the increasing demands of the world economy. Since coconut has been a cash crop(经济作物) for decades, even with fierce competition from other vegetable oils, it still continues to be a promising business in the future. However, the top international coconut producers must learn from the current situation, and take steps to ensure that their farms can develop well enough to stand the tests of time and meet future demands.
如今，顶级椰子供应商正努力满足世界经济日益增长的需求。椰子作为几十年来的经济作物，即使面临来自其他植物油的激烈竞争，它仍然是未来前景光明的产业。然而，国际上领先的椰子生产国必须从当前形势中吸取教训，采取措施确保其种植园能够得到充分发展，以经受住时间的考验并满足未来的需要。
"Fair Trade" practices in the industry try to ensure that the benefits of the business will help small farmers, but they unfortunately keep the production rates rising at a slower rate. Lack of in investment in maintaining the coconut-growing land, largely due to the high costs associated, means that some farms are producing 75% less fruit than they did 30 years ago.
行业中的“公平贸易”实践试图确保商业利益能帮助小农户，但遗憾的是，这导致生产率增长较慢。由于维护椰子种植园地所需的高昂成本，导致在这方面的投资不足，意味着一些农场的水果产量比30年前减少了75%。
The problem of short supply to meet the increased can be explained by the fact that many of the trees producing coconuts today are over 50 years old. 20 years past their best production time. According to the Asian and Pacific Coconut Community, many plantations across Asia are experiencing zero growth, and some are even ceasing production as their farmers switch their focus to oil palm production.
椰子供应短缺的问题，以满足增长的需求，可以从许多目前正在生产椰子的树木已经超过50年树龄这一事实来解释。这些树木已经过了它们最佳产量时期的20年。根据亚洲及太平洋椰子共同体的说法，亚洲多地的椰林正经历零增长，有些甚至停止生产，因为农户们将重心转向了油棕榈种植。
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